Consumer IoT equipment, like smart inverters or EV chargers, plays an important role in the energy transition. These consumer IoT devices control a large amount of power compared to the overall power consumption of a household. The consumer IoT devices are also increasingly connected to the internet and these internet connections expose the devices to cyber-attacks, which presents a serious risk to the electricity system.
This paper assesses the risk of compromised consumer IoT devices being used to disrupt power systems by estimating their potential power impact, analyzing relevant cyber threats, and exploring legislative mitigation options.